Vapor-stove



(N M l.) 2 Sheets-Sheet I.

J. A. MARSH.

VAPOR STOVE.

No. 454,014. Patented June 9,1891.

' q vitwaoo 20 (No Model.). 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. A. MARSH. VAPOR STOVE.

WITNESSES INVENTOR qmwa; wmi

flTCTMM ATTORNEY UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES A. MARSH, OF CLEVELAND, ASSIGNOR TO THE HAPPY TIDINGS STOVE COMPANY, OF OUYAHOGA COUNTY, OHIO.

VAPOR-STOVE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 454,014, dated June 9, 1891.

Application filed January 19, 1891. Serial No 378,254. (No model.)

land, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vapor Stoves; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of'the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to vapor-stoves; and the invention consists in a vapor-stove provided with means for evaporating or vaporizing hydrocarbon oil and for utilizing the same, and in the construction and combination of parts, as hereinafter fully described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation of a vapor-stove provided with my improvements. Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section of the same, taken on line a: :0, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical section taken substantially on line y y, Fig. 2. Fig. tis apers pective view of the top plate connecting the hot-air tubes and the conducting-tubes and of the cap constructed to rest on said plate and surmounting said tubes. Fig. 5 is a crosssection taken on line 2 z, Fig. 3, looking downward. Fig. 6 is a separate perspective view, considerably enlarged, of the burner for heating the air to assist in vaporizing the oil. Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the lower end of the conducting-tube which connects with the oven-burners, (shown at-the left in Fig. 1,) and shows the small tube leading to the hotair-producing burner from the side of said tube instead of the bottom, while an elbowtube leads from the bottom to the oven-burners. Fig. 8 is a plan of the two oven-burners and the immediate supply-tubes. Fig. 9 is a perspective view, enlarged, of a vaporizingpan, two of which pans are shown above each vaporizing-tube, one above the other; and Fig. 10 is an enlarged plan of a distributing or di-' verting spider suspended in each of the conducting-tubes. Fig. 11 is view of the perforated cover for the hot-air burner.

' The stove-frame 10 may be of any suitable construction, and in this frame are arranged from one chamber to the other.

one or more burner-tubes l 1, having burners 12 at their top. In this instance I show a stove provided with three burners on the same level or plane and two oven-burners, Fig. 8, and at the left in Fig. 1 on a lower plane. These burners 12 are furnished with vapor or gas that is fed from separate conductingtubes 13, arranged at the rear of the stove and at the rear of the three upper burners, and each of which is connected with the burner-tube 11 by conducting-pipe 14,-shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3 as projecting laterally from the tube 13 a slight distance above its lower end and of such size as to afford ready conductivity of the vapor and air which have. been eommingled before reaching this point and which flow to the burner. A common tank 15 contains the oil, and a distributingpipe 16 has valves 17 to control the flow of oil to the respective sets of vaporizing-pans 17, arranged at the top of the conductingtubes 13.

In front of the conducting-tubes 13 is a hotair conductor 18, subdivided vertically by division-plates 19, as seen in Fig. 3, from bottom to top. At the bottom of this conductor and over the chamber above the burner is a perforated horizontal plate 20 or its equiva-. lent, through which the hot air passes on its way to the vaporizing-chamber having the pans 17, said plate 20 serving to prevent the flame from entering the hot-air chamber above,

and thus preventing explosions in the said chamber or its tubes, while allowing a sufficiently free passage for the heated air. Otherwise the fiame might ignite the vapor at the top of tubes 13, which is prevented by this construction.

The burner 21 is shown clearly in Fig. 6,. where, it will be seen, said burner is divided into compartments by divisioh-walls 23, corresponding to the conducting-tubes 13, said walls 23 being perforated at the bottom with one or more openings for the passage of oil or vapor or both from one subdivision to the other and at the top for the passage of gas or vapor. The two outer chambers or compart ments are connected by a perforated conducting-tube 23, designed to light across the top.

The perforated cover or plate 21, Fig. 6, which rests on the burner 21, comes over the perforated igniting-tube 23. Each of these subdivisions of the burner is connected at its rear by means of a small tube 24, Figs. 2 and 5, with one of the conducting-tubes 13, through which such quantity of vapor and air as are sufficient to meet the demands of the said burner pass thereto and support combustion. It will be observed that relatively the size of the tube 24 as compared with the tube 14, leading to the main burners 12, is small, so that only a certain small percentage of the vapor will pass to the hot-air-producing burner, yet sufficient, as above s ated, to provide such a flame in it as may be necessary to generate the required amount of heat to promote perfeet vaporization of the inflowing oil. At their top the air-channels thus formed discharge into a common space beneath the cap 27, (shown in Fig. 4,) said cap having width enough to extend over both the hot-air tubes 18 and the conducting-tubes 13. This cap 2" rests on a plate 27 Fig. 4., which in turn rests on the tubes 13 and 18, and has walls 27 2 at its rear portion that come between the upper ends of tubes 13, preventing the flow of vapor from one tube into another at this point and keeping the vapor of all the tubes separate.

The oil-supply pipe 16, Fig. 1, has short connecting-pipes 2S entering the top of the vaporizing-chamber, which conduct the oil onto the vaporizing-pans 17, arranged at the top of the tubes 13, and on which the oil is evaporated or vaporized in the manner herein described. The hot air passes over these pans as it flows down into the tubes 13, and is more or less commingled with the vapors arising from the oil vaporized or evaporated on these plates or pans. A separate valve 17 is provided for each burner 12 and its corresponding tube 13, and each of the connecting-tubes 14, Fig. 2, has a shut-off valve 32, so that in case, say, a certain single burner alone is used the valves 17 and 32 of theother burners are all closed, and thus the vapor generated is directed through the single tube 11 and its corresponding tube 24.

The burner 21 has the sole function and purpose of heating air to produce vaporization of the oil and to oxygenize the vapor or gas that flows to the main or cooking burners. It is used with one or more of the burners and serves for one and all. The fresh air being taken in beneath the housing 25 and directly over the burner 21, a suction is produced by this burner and the draft of burners 12, which takes in all the air needed to make the proper admixture of air and gas for the burners; but only a certain small quantity of vapor is allowed to pass to the hot-air burner and just suflieient to serve the purpose for which it is intended; but in all processes of generating hydrocarbon vapors by evaporation of the oil it has been found that a deposit will occur of the nature of tar,

which can neither be vaporized nor consumed by flame, and this deposit or residuum must be taken care of in some suitable way or the parts of the stove where it accumulates will become clogged and unscrvieeable. Much inconvenience has been experienced in stoves on this account, and I have therefore-provided means in this construction to overcome or avoid this objection. To this end I employ a receptacle 33, Fig. 2, which is connected by a pipe 31 with the bottom of the hot-air burner 21, which has an opening discharging into said pipe. It will be seen that in both constructions of the bottom of conductingtubes 13, Figs. 2 and 7, the oil that escapes to the bottomof said tubes will be conducted off into the hot-air burner 21, and what is not consumed flows oit to receptacle 33, which can be detached and emptied when filled. To prevent oil that may escape from the evaporator from running into the burnertube proper 14, a shield 35, Fig. 2, is arranged just above the mouth of said tube. In Fig. 7 this result is prevented by the tube 1. projecting up into tube 13 some distance, leaving an open space about its end and which discharges into the hot-air pipe 24:.

A warming-shelf 3G is arranged at the top front of the hot-air chamber supported 011 suitable brackets and serving not only as a warming-shelf, but also in part as a shield for the arm against the heat from below when the valves 17 are manipulated.

An advantage peculiar to my burner is the consumption of all gases after the burners proper have been turned off. Thus suppose the stove to be running and all the burners are suddenly extinguished by shutting oif their valves 17 and 32, there will yet be a supply of vapor on hand which will escape into the open air if not consumed. In my stove this vapor will pass to the hot-air burner, which will continue to burn until the entire supply of vapor is exhausted. The same advantage occurs in initial starting when the incloscd vapors and products of imperfect combustion simply travel round in the fines until everything oitcnsivc is eliminated. Again, the initial starting of the stove in the hot-air burner serves for the entire stove as well as for a single burner. I have in effect a single generating device, from which one or all of the burners may be started, and the quantity of vapor will depend on the number of burners usedthat is, having one burner in operation a sufficient amount of heat is generated to start one or all the other burners atonce, if desired, without further preliminaries of heating. Each burner has its separate supply-valve 17 and its separate shut-off valve 32 as well as its separate intervening conducting-tube 13 and set of connections.

A spider 37, Fig.- 10, is suspended in the conducting-tube 13 from the lower evaporating-pan 17(, on which any oil that may escape vaporization in said pans will be carried to the sides of tubes 13 and down the same to receptacle 33.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A burner for heating air formed in compartments, a vaporizing chamber, a conductor for air heated by said burner and arranged to discharge into said vaporizing-chamber, a separate connection from the vaporizingchamber to each compartment of the air-heating burner, and cooking-burners, each having independent communication with the vaporizing-chamber, substantially as described.

2. A burner for heating air formed in compartments communicating with each other by apertures through the dividing-Walls, a vaporizing-chamber, hot-air flues leading from said burner to the vaporizing-chamber, oil-inlets for admitting liquid hydrocarbon to the vaporizing-chamber, one for each hot-air flue, a connection from the vaporizing-chamber to each compartment of the air-heating burner, and cooking-burners having communication with the vaporizing-chamber, substantially as described.

3. A burner for heating air formed in compartments communicating with each other through apertures through the dividing-walls, a vaporizing-chamber having dividing-walls, a separate oil-supply for each division of the vaporizingchamber, means for conducting air heated by said burner to all of the divisions of the vaporizing-chamber, a vapor-connection to each compartment of the air-heating burner from the vaporizing-chamber, and cooking-burners having communication with the vaporiZing-chamber, substantially as described.

4. A series of vaporizing-chambers having an oil-inlet and vaporizin g mechanism in each, an air-heating burner, a conductor for the air heated by said burner arranged to discharge into all the vaporizing-chambers of the series, a cooking-burner for each vaporizing-chamber, and a passage leading from each chamber to a cooking burner, substantially as described.

5. A series of vaporizing-chambers having an oil-inlet and vaporizing mechanism in each,

an air-heating burner, a conductor for the air heated by said burner arranged to discharge into all of said chambers, a cooking-burner for each vaporizing-chamber, and a passage leading from each chamber and communicating with the heating-burner and with a cooking-burner, substantially as described.

6. The combination of a vaporizing-chamber, an air-heating burner, a conductor for the air heated by said burner arranged to discharge into the vaporizing-chamber, a conductor for the commingled air and vapor, and a pipe leading from the bottom of said air and vapor conductor to the said air-heating burner, the said vaporizing-chamber being provided with an oil-inlet, and a vaporizingsurface adapted to discharge liquid into the air and vapor conductor, whereby the unvaporized oil is led into the heating-burner, substantially as described. I

7. The combination of a vaporizing-chamber, an air-heating burner, a conductor for the air heated by said burner arranged to discharge into the vaporizing-chamber, a conductor for the commingled air and vapor leading downward from the vaporizing-chamber, a pipe leading from the bottom of said air and vapor conductor to the heating-burner, and an outlet for unconsumed liquid from said burner, said vaporizing-chamber having a vaporizing-surface adapted to discharge liquid into the air and vapor conductor, and an oilinlet, substantially as described.

8. A series of vaporizing-chambers having an oil-inlet and vaporizing mechanism in each,

an air-heating burner, a conductor for the air heated by said burner arranged to discharge into all the vaporizing chambers of the series, a cooking-burner for each vaporizing-chamber, a connection from each vaporizing-chamber to the air-heating burner, a conductor leading from each chamber to a cookingburner, and means for closing and opening the same when desired, substantially as de scribed.

Witness my hand to the foregoing specification this 21st day of December, 1890.

JAMES A. MARSH. \Vitnesses:

H. T. FISHER, E. JAYPINNEY. 

